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Regulatory Framework & Rules

Plain-language definitions of every Regulatory Framework & Rules term that shows up in government tender work.


Regulatory Framework & Rules

Arbitration and Conciliation Act 1996

The statute governing arbitration as the primary dispute resolution mechanism in Indian government contracts, providing a faster alternative to court litigation for procurement disputes.

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Regulatory Framework & RulesBIS

Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) Certification

The quality certification mark (ISI Mark) issued by the Bureau of Indian Standards that many government tenders require on specified goods as proof of conformance to Indian Standard specifications.

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Regulatory Framework & RulesCVC

Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) Guidelines

Binding anti-corruption directives issued by the Central Vigilance Commission governing transparency, integrity, and negotiation conduct in central government and PSU procurement.

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Regulatory Framework & Rules

Competition Act 2002 in Procurement

The law prohibiting anti-competitive practices, including bid-rigging and cartelization, in government procurement, enforced by the Competition Commission of India.

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Regulatory Framework & Rules

CPWD Manual Volume 1 & 2

The Central Public Works Department's authoritative operational manuals governing construction procurement procedures, contractor registration, and technical specifications for central government building works.

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Regulatory Framework & RulesDAP 2020

Defence Acquisition Procedure 2020 (DAP 2020)

India's comprehensive procurement framework for defence capital acquisitions, prioritizing indigenous design and manufacture through a tiered category system.

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Regulatory Framework & RulesGFR 2017

General Financial Rules 2017 (GFR 2017)

The foundational financial management and procurement rules issued by the Ministry of Finance governing all central government spending, tendering, and contract management.

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Regulatory Framework & Rules

GFR Rule 144, Direct Purchase

The GFR provision permitting central government departments to buy goods up to Rs 25,000 directly from the local market without a competitive tender process.

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Regulatory Framework & Rules

GFR Rule 145, Purchase by Purchase Committee

The GFR provision requiring central government departments to obtain at least three quotations and use a purchase committee for goods procurement between Rs 25,000 and Rs 2.5 lakh.

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Regulatory Framework & Rules

GFR Rule 146, Open Tender

The GFR provision mandating open competitive tendering for central government goods procurement above Rs 2.5 lakh, with mandatory publication on CPPP above Rs 25 lakh.

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Regulatory Framework & Rules

GFR Rule 149, Mandatory GeM Procurement

The GFR rule requiring all central government entities to procure goods and services available on GeM exclusively through the Government e-Marketplace platform.

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Regulatory Framework & Rules

GFR Rule 154, Two-Bid System

The GFR rule requiring separate technical and financial bids for central government procurement above Rs 5 lakh, ensuring price does not influence technical evaluation.

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Regulatory Framework & Rules

GFR Rule 170, Works Procurement

The GFR rule governing central government construction and works procurement, directing departments to follow CPWD Manual procedures and established works contract practices.

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Regulatory Framework & RulesGST

GST (Goods and Services Tax) in Procurement

The unified indirect tax applied to most government procurement transactions, with specific rates for works contracts, goods supply, and consultancy services that bidders must account for in pricing.

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Regulatory Framework & RulesIEM

Independent External Monitor (IEM)

A retired senior official appointed by the CVC to independently oversee the Integrity Pact process in high-value government and PSU procurements above Rs 1 crore.

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Regulatory Framework & Rules

Indian Contract Act 1872

The foundational law governing all contracts in India, including government procurement contracts, defining offer, acceptance, consideration, breach, and remedies applicable to all commercial agreements.

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Regulatory Framework & RulesIRC

Indian Roads Congress (IRC) Standards

The design and construction standards published by the Indian Roads Congress governing highway geometry, pavement design, bridge engineering, and road safety, mandatory for all major road projects.

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Regulatory Framework & Rules

Indian Standard (IS) Codes

The technical standards published by the Bureau of Indian Standards that define material quality, design criteria, testing methods, and construction practices referenced in all government tender specifications.

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Regulatory Framework & Rules

Make in India Policy in Procurement

The government's preference framework for domestically manufactured goods in public procurement, granting purchase preference to products with minimum local content thresholds.

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Regulatory Framework & Rules

Manual for Procurement of Consultancy Services

The Ministry of Finance's operational guide for procuring consultancy and intellectual services, defining QCBS, QBS, LCS, and related selection methodologies for central government.

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Regulatory Framework & Rules

Manual for Procurement of Goods 2017

The Ministry of Finance's detailed operational guide for central government departments on procuring goods, supplementing the framework rules of GFR 2017.

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Regulatory Framework & Rules

Manual for Procurement of Works

The Ministry of Finance's operational guide for central government departments on procuring civil and construction works, covering the full lifecycle from DPR to final closure.

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Regulatory Framework & Rules

MoRTH Specifications

The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways' technical specifications governing materials, construction methods, and quality standards for all national highway and road projects in India.

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Regulatory Framework & Rules

Prevention of Corruption Act in Procurement

The central law making bribery in government procurement a criminal offence for both public servants and private persons, with significant penalties for both givers and receivers of illegal gratification.

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Regulatory Framework & Rules

Public Procurement (Preference to Make in India) Order

The DPIIT order implementing purchase preference for domestically manufactured goods in all central government procurement, defining local content thresholds and the class-based supplier preference mechanism.

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Regulatory Framework & RulesQCI

Quality Council of India (QCI)

The national accreditation body that certifies testing laboratories, inspection bodies, and certification agencies whose reports and certificates are accepted in Indian government procurement.

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Regulatory Framework & RulesRTI

Right to Information Act (RTI) in Procurement

The statutory right to request government procurement records, bid documents, evaluation sheets, award decisions, as a transparency and intelligence tool for bidders.

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Regulatory Framework & Rules

Stamp Duty on Government Contracts

The state-levied tax payable on the formal agreement document when a government contract is signed, calculated as a percentage of contract value and payable by the successful bidder.

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Regulatory Framework & Rules

State Finance Rules

Each Indian state's own financial management and procurement rules, modeled on GFR 2017 but with state-specific thresholds, methods, and approval structures governing state government spending.

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Regulatory Framework & Rules

State Procurement Act

State-level legislation governing public procurement within a state, providing a statutory framework for transparency, competition, and accountability in state government purchasing.

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Regulatory Framework & RulesTDS

TDS (Tax Deducted at Source) in Contracts

The income tax deducted by government departments at source from contractor payments, reducing the contractor's net receipt and creating TDS certificates claimable against final tax liability.

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